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2nd GRADE

SECOND GRADE READING and WRITING

Read and Understand the Meaning of Simple Words

·        Apply common nonexceptional phonetic analysis (blends, medial consonants, final digraphs, r-controlled vowels, silent e, and double vowels/diphthongs)

·        Identify and know meanings of compound words, contractions, root words, prefixes (un-, dis-) suffixes (-ly, -ful) and word ending (-er, -est)
Read and use sight words

·        Identify and correctly use nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, and pronouns

·        Identify and use opposites (antonyms), rhyming words, synonyms, homonyms

·        Alphabetize words to the second letter

Read for Meaning and Demonstrate Oral Reading Skills

·        Choose books of interest that they can read

·        Distinguish between and talk about fiction, realistic fiction, fantasy, and nonfiction

·        Identify and describe the main idea, important details, sequence, setting (time and place), plot, characters, problem, and solution to the problem

·        Predict outcomes and draw conclusions

·        Summarize a story using main idea, supporting details, cause and effect, time periods, facts and sequence

·        Read aloud smoothly and expressively with proper phrasing

·        Use a variety of comprehension strategies (rereading, predicting, questioning)

·        Distinguish between poetry, riddles, plays, everyday print (e.g. recipes, simple schedules)

·        Use a dictionary and glossary of a book to locate information

·        Read and follow multi-step directions

·        Make connections between a text and personal experience

·        Express own opinions about text

 

Communicate through Writing

·        Print using the correct form and neatly so others can read their printing (appropriate spacing of letters and words)

·        Use pre-writing strategies (drawing, fast writing, mapping, and clustering)

·        Use editing marks

·        Revise writing-Final draft will contain proper spelling, capital letters at the beginning of sentences and periods, question marks, and exclamation points at the end

·        Write a story with a clear beginning, middle, and end

·         Write a paragraph, stories, biographies, articles, poems, journals, letters, and books

·        Write a friendly letter and address an envelope

·        Stay on topic in writing

Discussions and Oral Presentations

·        Demonstrate oral reading skills and make a brief oral presentation

·        Keep feet still, speak clearly, and use correct loudness when speaking to small and large groups

·        Make your idea clear

·        Sequence when speaking

·        Tell a personal experience and retell something they have read and know what they tell is complete

·        Tell facts from opinions and tell facts and opinions in a clear and logical order

·        Add good ideas in small and large group discussions when it is their turn

·        Answer questions briefly and clearly

Listening Skills

·        Sit quietly without disturbing others and show the speaker you are listening

·        Listen for main ideas, recall sequences, and important details

·        Ask appropriate questions

·        Follow multi-step directions

 

SECOND GRADE MATH

NUMERATION

 

Understand Place Value of Three-Digit Numbers in the Base Ten Number System

  • Recognize, read, order, and count from 0-1,000
  • Use, model, and identify place value positions of 1’s, 10’s, 100’s, and 1,000’s
  • Recognize and use less than (<), greater than (>), and equal to
  • Identify odd and even numbers
  • Know that a group of ten can be broken into ten ones and that ten ones equals a group of ten
  • Know that a group of 100 can be broken into 10 tens and that 10 tens equal a group of 100
  • Know the sequence of numbers up to 1,000

 

Count to 1,000 in Many Ways

  • See the pattern in numbers 0-1,000
  • Skip count by 2’s, 5’s and 10’s forwards and backwards
  • Count backwards from 20
  • Skip count starting at any point
  • Count by 10’s starting with a number such as 43

 

 

Understand and Use Fractions as Parts of a Set and Parts of a Whole

  • Identify part of a whole up to 1/12
  • Recognize that when all parts are included the result is one
  • Divide a circle, square, rectangle into ½, 1/3, 2/3, ¼, and ¾

 

MEASUREMENT

 

Select and Use Appropriate Tools of Measurement

·         Read a calendar (length of the day, week, month, and year)

·         Tell time on an analog and digital clock to the nearest quarter hour and five minute intervals

 

 

Compare Length, Width, Capacity and Time Using Standard and Nonstandard Units of Measure

·         Use standard linear measures (inch, foot, yard, centimeter and meter)

·         Use liquid measures (cup, pint, quart, gallon, and liter)

·         Measure down to one-half inch and one centimeter

 

Money

·         Identify and recognize the value of dollar bills ($1, $5, $10, $20, $50) and coins, (penny, nickel, dime, quarter, half-dollar) and the value of given sets of coins

·         Exchange money for equal values and make change

 

ESTIMATION AND COMPUTATION

Perform Basic Arithmetic Functions Using Mental Math and Pencil and Paper

  • Know fact families and “double” facts
  • Know basic addition and subtraction facts from 1-20 (memorization)
  • Identify 10 more than and ten less than
  • Solve 2- and 3-digit addition and subtraction problems using a variety of models and algorithms
  • Understand the meaning of addition and subtraction
  • Demonstrate the commutative and identity properties of addition
  • Model multiplication as repeated addition and division as “sharing equally” and grouping objects
  • Determine whether a solution to a problem is reasonable (estimate sums and differences in a 2-digit problem)
  • Work number sentence vertically and horizontally
  • 2-digit addition, subtraction, and 3 single digit column addition
  • 2-digit addition, subtraction regrouping

 

FUNCTIONS AND RELATIONSHIPS

Recognize, Identify, and Complete Patterns

  • Make their own patterns and describe them
  • Complete a pattern
  • Skip count by 2’s, 5’s and 10’s
  • Use a calculator to find and extend patterns in the number system
  • Complete a problem with a missing operation (missing addend, subtrahend)

 

GEOMETRY

  • Construct, Compare, Classify, and Analyze the Relationship between Geometric Figures
  • Identify and classify 3-dimensional shapes
  • Demonstrate an understanding of symmetry and congruency
  • Understand and measure the area and perimeter of rectangles
  • Solid shapes: cubes, spheres, cylinders, cones, pyramids, and rectangular prisms

STATISICS/PROBABILITY

Predict and Record Outcomes of Events

  • Explain differences between chance and certainty, giving examples
  • Collect, Record, and Interpret Data Using Graphs
  • Represent the data in a variety of ways (tally marks, bar graphs, pictographs, and a two circle Venn diagram)
  • Interpret data by reading graphs, use graphs to compare and problem solve
  • Use the terms maximum and minimum when working with a data set

PROBLEM SOLVING, COMMUNICATION, REASONING, CONNECTIONS

  • Solve and create word problems
  • Calculate simple problems mentally
  • Choose appropriate operations to solve problems
  • Build links between abstract and concrete
  • Discuss problem strategies and solutions
  • Draw logical conclusions (justify solutions, thinking processes, and conjectures in a variety of ways)
  • Defend estimations, solutions and/or predictions
  • Apply mathematical skills and process to literature
  • Apply mathematical skills and processes to situations with self and family

SECOND GRADE SCIENCE

 

Second Grade students will investigate new plants, air and weather, and balance and motion.  The science process skills for the second grade include: observing, communicating, classifying, measuring, hypothesizing, carrying out experiments, making conclusions from data, and designing investigations.

·        Use at least one indirect method of gathering information to explore a topic

·        Develop ideas about what is happening in observations of activities

·        Write or draw descriptions of a sequence of steps, events, and observations

·        Accurately use an ordering system to group objects or events according to characteristics

·        Propose possible relationships among events, objects, and ideas

·        Measure length, weight, temperature, and liquid volume with appropriate tools and express those measurements in standard metric system units

·        Use data in tables, graphs, maps or diagrams to answer simple questions

·        Recognize evidence that contradicts their own ideas or theories

·        Follow oral instructions for a scientific investigation

 

CORE CONCEPTS

Life Science

·        Develop a curiosity and interest in plants as living things

·        Identify environments that support various types of living organisms

·        Experience some of the diversity of forms in the plant kingdom

·        Determine the needs of plants i.e., air, water, nutrients, light

·        Provide for the needs of growing plants

·        Observe and describe the changes that occur as plants grow and develop

·        Become familiar with structures and functions of flowering plants i.e., root, stem, leaf, bud, flower, seed

·        Discover various ways that new plants can develop from mature plants

·        Compare change over time in different kinds of plants

·        Organize and communicate observations through drawing and writing

·        Compare and contrast life cycles of different plants

·        Recognize that green plants need energy from sunlight and various raw materials to live, and animals consume plants and other organisms to live

Physical Science

 

·        Develop a growing curiosity and interest in the motion of objects

·        Investigate materials constructively during free exploration and in a guided discovery mode

·        Solve problems through trial and error

·        Develop persistence in tackling a problem

·        Explore concepts of balance, counterweight, and stability

·        Observe the ways in which things move e.g., straight, zigzag, round and round, back and forth, fast and slow

·        Observe that movement can be affected by pushing or pulling

·        Observe that objects can move steadily or change direction

·        Observe systems that are unstable and modify them to reach equilibrium

·        Discover different ways to produce rotational motion

·        Construct and observe toys that spin

·        Explore and describe some of the variables that influence the spinning of objects

·        Observe and compare rolling systems with different sized wheels

·        Explore and describe the motion of rolling spheres

 

Earth/Space Science

 

·        Develop an interest in air and weather

·        Experience air as a material that takes up space and can be compressed into a smaller space

·        Observe the force of air pressure pushing on objects and materials

·        Observe and compare how moving air interacts with objects

·        Observe and describe changes that occur in weather over time

·        Become familiar with instruments used by meteorologists to monitor air and weather

·        Compare monthly and seasonal weather conditions using bar graphs

·        Recognize that the Sun is a principal source of Earth’s heat and light

·        Observe the location of the Sun and the Moon in the sky over a day and the change in the appearance of the Moon over a month

·        Organize and communicate observations through drawing and writing

·        Identify types of precipitation, variation in wind, sky conditions and day and night changes

·        Observe the seasonal and daily changes in weather: similarities and differences, temperature changes

·        Recognize that humans are affected by natural events e.g., earthquakes, volcanoes, floods

 

World of Work

 

·        Explores careers in science that are available in the community. Ask community members how science is used in their occupations

·        Practices work readiness skills in the classroom 

·        Discusses why safety is important in science careers

·        Identifies personal interests, capabilities, and strengths which may lead to future careers

·        Create graphs of occupations in the community that use science

 

SECOND GRADE SOCIAL STUDIES

COURSE CONTENT

The second grade social studies curriculum will help students develop an awareness of people who influence their lives and supply their needs.  Second Grade students will explore their local community and broaden their knowledge of their neighborhood and ways people live, function, and depend on each other.  The students will learn about important people and events in United States History.  Students will also learn about their responsibilities as citizens.

  Students describe rules and responsibilities at home and school.  The characteristics of a community (urban, suburb, rural) as well as their role as a member of a community are explored.  Students will learn how people in North America live with, and use the water and land around them.  Regions of the United States and learning about Canada and Mexico are also explored.  Students will learn why people work (wants and needs) and learn about the jobs people do.  Students will learn about important events and famous people in United States history.  Students will learn that our nation’s people come from diverse cultural backgrounds with many traditions.  Students will learn about their community, state, and national government.  Students will also learn about their responsibilities as citizens.

 

CULTURE

 

·        Recognizes social connections between self and neighborhood

 

·        Recognize most cultures preserve important personal and public items from the past

 

·        Recognize communities have customs and cultures that differ

 

·        Identify diverse cultural groups within the communities of Alaska

 

·        Recognize that cultures have strong traditions of loyalty to their region and country

 

·        Identify and explain the significance of selected stories, poems, statues, paintings, and other examples of local and state cultural heritage

 

·        Examine the effects of changing technologies on the local community and state

 

 

CITIZENSHIP/GOVERNMENT

 

·        Demonstrates respect for peers and adults

·        Uses appropriate conflict resolution strategies

·        Recognizes and demonstrates qualities, traits and characteristics of a friend

·        Understands the role of all school personnel

·        Describe how groups work independently and cooperatively to accomplish goals within a community

·        Know how to share and give opinions in a group

·        Recognize that each individual must make decisions about the work groups and play groups in which they participate

·        Recognize how groups and organizations encourage unity and work with diversity to maintain order and security

·        Identify functions of governments

·        Know that communities have different laws depending on the needs and problems of their community

·        Identify ways that public officials are selected, including election and appointment

·        Takes part in the voting process in the classroom and learns to accept the majority vote

·        Distinguish among local, state, and national government and identify representative leaders at these levels such as mayor, governor, and president

·        Identify characteristics of good citizenship such as establishing beliefs in justice, truth, equality, and responsibility for the common good

·        Identify qualities of good citizenship and identify ordinary people who exemplify good citizenship

·        Recites the Pledge of Allegiance to honor the United States

·        Explain the meaning of selected patriotic symbols and landmarks of Alaska

 

HISTORY

 

·        Explain the significance of various community, state, and national celebrations such as Veteran’s Day and President’s Day

 

·        Participates in holiday activities associated with: Columbus Day, Martin Luther King Day

 

·        Explain how local people and events have influenced local community history

·        Use vocabulary related to chronology, including past, present, and future

 

·        Describe and measure calendar time by days, weeks, months, and years

 

·        Identify seasons and how they affect people

 

·        Identify and explain the significance of various community landmarks

 

·        Describe how people adapt to meet the demands of their environments

 

§         Create and interpret timelines

 

 

GEOGRAPHY

 

·        Describe how the globe is a model of earth locating hemispheres, poles and equator

 

·        Recognize the natural regions are represented on different types of maps by showing physical features, climate, vegetation, and natural resources

 

·        Subdivide the world by positioning the equator, continents, oceans, and hemispheres on a map and globe

 

·        Recognize that a map contains elements such as title, scale, symbols, legends, grids, and North, South, East and West direction

 

·        Describe the importance of physical geographic features on defining communities

 

·        Analyze how individuals and populations depend upon land resources

 

·        List earth’s natural resources such as minerals, air, water, and land

 

·        Consider alternative uses of resources and land

 

·        Show how landmasses and bodies of water are represented on maps and globes

 

·        Locate the state of Alaska and its major cities on a map

 

ECONOMICS

 

·        Explain how people make choices on how they spend and earn money

 

·        Names the basic needs of food, clothing and shelter

 

·        Explains that everything has value to someone

 

·        Explain the purposes of spending and saving money

 

·        Explain how work provides income to purchase goods and services

 

·        Describe how society depends upon workers with specialized jobs and the ways in which they contribute to the production and exchange of goods and services

 

·        Give examples of the various institutions that make up economic systems such as families, workers, banks, government agencies, small businesses and large corporations

 

·        Know the major products of Alaska

 

·        Recognize that communities around Alaska and the world are economically interdependent

 

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